Rancangan Penelitian Cross Sectional
Bagi kamu yang merasa kesulitan membayangkan apa yang dimaksud dengan penelitian cross-sectional itu, semoga penjelasanku berikut ini bisa memberi petunjuk untuk menggambarkannya dan mematrikannya di kepalamu selamanya.
Penelitian cross-sectional adalah penelitian yang dilakukan pada satu waktu dan satu kali, tidak ada follow up, untuk mencari hubungan antara variabel independen (faktor resiko) dengan variabel dependen (efek).
Kalau ditanyakan tentang dimana titik potongnya? Bayangkanlah penelitian itu seperti lontong, dimanapun kamu memotong lontong itu, di tengah, dari ujungnya, di sisi manapun itu, lontong itu tetap memiliki isi yang sama, besar yang sama, dan rasa yang sama.
Sebagai contoh, dalam salah satu bedah jurnal penelitian di IKGM hari kamis lalu, tentang salah satu penelitian tentang fluorosis yang dilakukan pada anak usia 10-12 tahun di Brazil yang tinggal di daerah yang belum memperoleh fluoridasi air minum. Sebenarnya penelitian itu adalah penelitian lanjutan, dan penelitian dilakukan sebelum program fluoridasi air minum buatan dilaksanakan, mereka berusaha menyelidiki apa penyebab kecenderungan fluorosis tersebut, suspect utamanya adalah penggunaan pasta gigi berfluorida. Para peneliti melakukan pemeriksaan klinis rongga mulut dan aplikasi kuesioner. [seperti itulah garis besarnya]
Dalam penelitian cross-sectional tersebut, titik potongnya terletak pada “anak-anak usia 10-12 tahun penderita fluorosis di daerah yang air minumnya belum terfluoridasi.”
Jadi, dalam penelitian cross-sectional, karakteristik sampel yang sama saat penelitian dilakukan adalah titik potongnya.
Okay, that’s a quick review, aku lupa judul jurnalnya, tapi paling tidak itulah garis besarnya. Analogi ‘lontong’ itu diutarakan oleh Prof. Bur beberapa waktu lalu. Pretty good explanation dari Prof. Bur untuk membuat kita semua mengerti.
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oo.. jadi penelitian cross sectional berbeda banget dengan penelitian longitudinal.. :D
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